Steam-Tube Dryer Archives - Louisville Dryer Company

Solutions for a Wet Corn Milling Plant

Oct 6, 2020 | Processing

Customer’s Problem Dryer had Material Build-up and Tube Failures

When a prominent wet corn milling plant contacted Louisville Dryer Company for solutions to their drying problems, our process engineers promptly met with their production staff. Loss of their drying capability resulted in a loss of revenue for their company, a problem we were eager and fully equipped to help solve.

This processor had multiple dryers which were demonstrating broad swings in processing rates. The primary dryer in question was a rotating tube bundle dryer. The dryer had a stationary housing with a tube bundle that rotated inside the casing.

When they fired up their steam bundle, material would build up in the unit causing variations in retention time – which resulted in some under-drying and some over–drying of their product. The issue was exacerbated by two catastrophic failures of the tube bundle. Such unplanned outages can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars in repairs and millions of dollars in lost revenue.

Louisville Dryer Solutions for Wet Corn Milling Plant

Louisville Dryer Co. provides effective and profitable drying solutions for Wet Corn Milling processors

Using custom mixing protocols to match their needs, we developed a successful recipe for their recycle stream. Along with our performance guaranty, the company engaged us to build a replacement steam tube dryer for their plant.

Steam tubes on dryers engineered by Louisville Dryer Co. process material with precise accommodation of temperature, pressure and speed requirements

Steam tube dryers generally rotate at a slower speed and operate at a lower temperature than other rotary dryers. Within steam tube dryers, the material tumbles gently around the tubes which rotate with the shell. Once we custom fabricated their dryer, with Louisville Dryer field engineers on-site for installation and startup, the dryer ran exactly as we had designed and predicted.

This is but one of hundreds of examples of our commitment to high quality, long-lasting customer solutions using our proven Application Engineering, Custom Design, Project Management, Manufacturing, Installation and Commissioning services.

Why are Consistent Drying Temperatures Important for Wet Corn Milling?

Drying conditions influence corn wet-milling performance as well as the physiochemical and functional properties of corn wet-milled fraction. The effect of the drying process on the quality of starch, gluten, germ, and fiber recovered during the wet-milling process help to develop more accurate engineering and economic models. Drying temperature combined with the initial moisture content of the grain has a significant impact on the wet-milling performance and the quality of recovered materials.

Louisville Dryer Co. application engineers provide long-lasting drying/processing solutions for Wet Corn Milling, Dried Distillers Grains, Hemp and other agribusinesses

We are Ready to Help you Solve your Mission-Critical Challenges

At Louisville Dryer Company, we stand ready for jobs that are out-of-the-ordinary. Each project creates new challenges and opportunities for us to provide custom-engineered solutions to complex problems.

We have vast experience in processing materials including organic and inorganic chemicals, petrochemicals, grains, metals, aggregates and waste byproducts.

Louisville Dryer Co. is an ASMA Division I design and manufacturing center

Louisville Dryer Company is qualified as an ASME Division I design and manufacturing center. We have completed thousands of installations, processing hundreds of materials around the world, and pioneered many of the industrial drying technologies. We focus on:

Let us know how we can assist you and your company.

When you would need a Steam Tube Dryer vs. a Direct Heat Dryer

Jul 28, 2020 | Technology

Choosing the right drying system is a significant investment and critical to your process. It is essential to know the variations between the different dryer options. The heat source is one of the most common differences. Read on and consider the following reasons why we often recommend a steam tube dryer over a direct heat dryer.

Steam Tube Drying vs. Direct Heat Drying: What’s the Difference?

Steam Tube Drying

Steam tube dryers perform as if it were a rotating tube with a shell heat exchanger. The drum is fitted with a high-pressure chamber that distributes steam into tubes running the length of the drum. Because its applications are for low-temperature processes, the equipment required for thermal destruction is reduced or eliminated.

Steam Tube Dryers Are the Most Efficient Industrial Dryer

The most efficient of all the dryers, the steam tube dryer has very little air being exhausted – making the stack loss significantly reduced. The air pollution control system is also much smaller in a steam tube dyer and, since only a minor amount of air is used to sweep out the water vapors, the exhaust volume is a fraction compared to that of a direct heat dryer.

Steam Tube Dryers are also one of the easiest dryer types to operate. Once the steam pressure is set, the unit will take what it needs to do the job. Think of it as having a set-it-and-forget-it technology.

A steam tube dryer is used extensively in processing high-moisture organic materials such as distiller’s grain, gluten feed from the wet milling industry, oilseeds, and a variety of sludges.

How Does an Industrial Steam Tube Dryer Work?

Material is fed into the drum and tumbles over the outside of the inner tubes. Inside those tubes, steam is collapsing to condensate. The latent heat from the steam—about 850 BTUs per pound—provides the heat energy for drying. The condensate from the steam is removed through a rotary joint. It is then taken back to the boiler for regeneration.

Direct Heat Drying

How Does A Direct Heat Rotary Dryer Work?

A direct heat rotary dryer uses a hot gas which is induced into a rotary drum. Its heat source may be as simple as a steam coil in low-temperature applications, or it can have a burner for higher temperatures. The burner may combust into a chamber or it may fire directly into the dryer drum. We use the term direct-fired when there is no combustion chamber.

Direct heat dryers typically work best when the burner system can operate with a minimal amount of excess air or near stoichiometric balance of the gas and air. This allows the dryer to minimize the air required to carry the thermal energy.

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Wet material is fed into the same end of the drum (parallel flow) or the opposite end of the drum (counterflow) and is picked up and showered (or veiled) into the hot gas stream. The thermal energy is transferred from the hot gas to the material, which heats the solids and the water, ultimately evaporating the water. The primary heat transfer is by convection.

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If your product is not affected by heat from the burner flame or the products of combustion, then a direct-fired unit will provide an efficient drying solution through the full utilization of all three heat transfer methods: radiation, convection, and conduction.

Heat-sensitive materials such as biomass and organic products could be processed with either a direct heat dryer (with an air heater to control the temperature) or a steam tube dryer.

Why Choose a Steam Tube Dryer over a Direct Heat Dryer?

Developed more than 100 years ago, the Louisville Steam Tube Dryer has always been a quality choice for drying high moisture organic by-products such as brewers’ and distillers’ spent grain. Today, this same dryer technology serves thousands of applications.

What Materials Does an Industrial Steam Tube Dryer Process?

A steam tube drying system is our recommended choice for drying and processing inorganic and organic chemicals and other bulk solid materials including, but not limited to:

Hemp
Dried distillers grains (DDG, DDGS)
Wet corn (fiber, grits, meal)
Wood chips
Soda ash
Paper mill sludge
Oil Seed (soy, sunflower, canola)
Soy meal
Chemical products
Petrochemical products (TA, PTA)
Lithium processing
Copper concentrate

All our dryers, including the steam tube system, are built in our state-of-the-art factory using proven technologies. Our in-house design team of engineers have vast experience in every type of process and industry; thus, our customers always receive a drying system that is custom fit for their operation.

5 Benefits of A Steam Tube Drying System

#1: More Cost-Effective

Louisville Steam Tube Dryers have been proven superior to other types of indirect-heat dryer installations in which hot gas, rather than steam, is used as the heat source. We provide solutions with the Lowest Cost per Revolution throughout our industries. Maintenance savings alone have often prompted the replacement of other dryer systems with the steam tube dryer.

#2: Better Quality

A steam tube dryer is classified as an ASME vessel. Thus, the requirements for its construction are more stringent than for other dryers.

#3: More Efficient

The steam tube dryer generally operates at a lower temperature than other dryers and rotates at a slower speed. Material tumbles gently around tubes that rotate with the shell, eliminating the friction forces that other types of dryers require.

#4: Easier Maintenance

Louisville Steam Tube Dryers enjoy a longer lifespan than most other dryers and require very little maintenance.

#5: Environmentally Friendly

Steam Tube Dryers are environmentally friendly. Since the steam tube dryer utilizes the latent heat of steam to drive the drying process, only a small amount of sweep air is required to remove the water vapor driven off the product generated in the drying process. Typically, the method uses less than about 30% of the exhaust gas required for a direct heat dryer.

Purchasing A Steam Tube Dryer

Because choosing the right drying system is a major investment and critical to your process, you should be sure you are getting the best equipment available. The Louisville Dryer Company manufacturing facilities hold esteemed accreditation by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and The National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors.

We extend personal attention and service to each customer, ensuring that their rotary processing equipment needs are efficiently met. If you are interested in learning more about the Louisville Dryer Company Steam Tube Drying System and its applications, please reach out directly to Hank Lawson, our Senior Process Engineer. He would be happy to listen and discuss the best options available for your application.

Call (800) 735-3163 or fill out our online contact form to get started.

Can a Rotary Dryer Operate Under Positive Pressure?

Jul 14, 2020 | Technology

Our process engineers were recently asked if a rotary dryer could operate under positive pressure. We thought it would be helpful to share the answer and provide a concise review of the distinct roles of positive and negative pressure within a Rotary Dryer system.

Atmospheric pressure is the downward force from the weight of air

Air Pressure, How Does It Work?

First, let’s consider a non-industrial description of air pressure. In the context of barometric pressure as reported by a weather forecaster, we essentially live at the bottom of a sea of air. That air is pushing down on our bodies at a force of about 14.7 pounds per square inch (atmospheric pressure at sea level).

In a closed system such as one with an attached pressure gauge that is set to zero, when suction is applied to the attached line in that system, air would be withdrawn from the system, and the gauge would then read less than zero. Pressure that is lower than barometric pressure is negative pressure. Whereas if air was blown into the system, the gauge would read positive.

There are positive and negative air pressures

Similarly, in terms of pressure within a building, when you have a fan blowing air out of your house, you can open a window and then fresh air will enter the house – because the pressure in your house would be negative (lower than atmospheric pressure).

If you were to turn that same fan around – and blow air into your house, then the air already in the house would exhaust through the open window because the building is being positively pressurized.

How Air Pressure Affects the Drying Process

As it applies to a rotary drying vessel, a positive pressure is created at the burner from the combustion blower system while the rotary dryer is kept at a slight negative pressure to maintain burner flame envelope and to facilitate evacuation of evaporated moisture and dust particles in a controlled manner.

Dryer Pressures affect burner flame shape and efficiency

That negative pressure is controlled by the induced draft fan which can be adjusted to increase the air velocity through the dryer to allow more of the material dust particles to be directed out of the product stream to the Dust Collection system which reduces fines in the finished product. Conversely, the air velocity through the dryer can be reduced to allow more of the finer particles to drop out of the air stream prior to leaving the dryer.

A Switchgrass Dryer and Dust Collection System by Louisville Dryer Company

With each of those factors in mind, the system’s fan should be properly configured so that the dryer is always operating under a slight negative pressure. Under this condition, combustion gases and noxious vapors can be directed to the air pollution control system and not escape through the seams.

A thorough understanding of how pressure dynamics relate to heat management, moisture control and dust flow is integral to the proper design and efficient operation of industrial drying equipment. So, rotary dryer owners and operators should wonder – and confirm – how well their dryers operate under pressure.

A three-stage classification system by Louisville Dryer Company. The knockout boxes and baghouse integrated with the rotary dryer effectively evacuate dust, fines and moisture from the drying process.

Louisville Dryer Company engineers have extensive knowledge and proven experience providing air/exhaust-handling solutions and complete dryer systems for customers throughout the U.S. and the world – from material assessment/product testing to the custom design, fabrication, installation, commissioning and servicing of all components – all of which helps you accomplish your business goals and our professional commitment to your Lowest Cost per Revolution.

To Learn More

Learn about our high-pressure steam tube dryers and other steam tube dryers, and then to request help designing your industrial drying solution, contact our team today.

4 Unique Insights About Hemp Farming and Drying

Mar 24, 2020 | Processing

For years, the hemp crop was vilified alongside its sister plant, marijuana. With the government loosening laws around growing hemp for the first time in more than 80 years, popularity is on the rise for CBD oils, hemp milk, hemp beer, and other hemp-based products. The industry is booming, and hemp growers need a reliable drying system that will allow them to stay ahead of the demand.

Because of industry-specific obstacles hemp growers face, Louisville Dryer set out to understand the unique position of hemp farmers. Hank Lawson, Senior Process Engineer at Louisville Dryer, made it his personal mission to learn the best way our company can support hemp farmers and improve their business.

“I went through the entire process to see what it takes to plant, grow, and harvest hemp,” Hank explains. “I grew two acres of the crop and harvested it with my family, Then, we used what we harvested to test the drying process. We experimented with the product in different types of dryers, so we could find out exactly how they could be most effective for the growers.”

Here are 4 unique insights Hank uncovered about hemp farming and drying.

Farming, Drying, and Processing Hemp to Maximize your Harvest – Our Journey

#1: Growing Hemp Is Challenging

The challenge for hemp farmers starts with planting and harvesting. Hemp is not an easy crop to produce. It requires high fertility soil and abundant organic matter to grow. It is also susceptible to moles, insects, and weeds, and it has very particular water needs. Hemp farmers deserve a lot of respect. They are hardworking, knowledgeable and invest a great deal of time and energy to yield a quality product.

#2: Old-Fashioned Hemp Drying is Inefficient

There is a four-step process to go from seed to profitable product for the hemp farmer:

Sow
Grow
Harvest
Dry

Experience and scientific advances have helped to streamline the first three steps in the process, but most hemp growers are still drying their crop the old-fashioned way by cutting it into strips and hanging it in tobacco barns. A farmer can grow a couple of acres that way but to increase production, growers have to increase the rate at which they can process wet biomass.

#3: A Hemp-Specific Dryer Increases Profitability

Hemp farmers that want to keep pace with the demand know they need to invest in an agricultural dryer, but many traditional industrial dryers are too expensive.

To make the hemp drying process easier and more profitable, Louisville Dryer engineered an industrial direct heat dryer exclusively for the hemp industry. Our new hemp-specific design implements the same technology we have been using for decades to successfully dry other agricultural products.

The most significant difference in the hemp-specific dryer is that it is substantially more affordable than other industrial dryers.

It can handle four tons of wet biomass per hour and offers hemp growers a massive increase in productivity over traditional drying methods. This revolutionary dryer is available to help hemp farmers increase efficiency in their operation, which ultimately leads to higher profitability.

#4: Steam Tube Dryers Can Process THC and CBD

Steam Tube Dyers can process THC and CBD. Through multiple experiments, we discovered that hemp dried in our Steam Tube Dryer went through the decarboxylation process. This is the necessary reaction where the organically present THCA or CBDA is converted into THC or CBD, which provides the consumer with the desired medicinal effects of the product.

Growers who are looking to decarboxylate their hemp product could consider using a Louisville Dryer Steam Tube Dryer to streamline their process, improve productivity, and ultimately increase profits.

Contact Hank Lawson

“Going through the experience of the experimental hemp farm,” Hank says, “helped me understand our customers and their unique struggles, Now I can serve them better, and that has made the whole experiment worth it.”

We invite our hemp customers to reach out directly to Hank for any additional insights into the unique issues involved with growing hemp. He is always happy to have a conversation and uniquely positioned to anticipate your needs.

If you’d like to contact Hank or any of our team members about a direct heat or steam tube dryer, please call us at (800) 735-3163 or fill out our online contact form. A more efficient and profitable drying method could change everything for your hemp business.